Journal: BioTechniques

Article Title: Screening for androgen agonists using autonomously bioluminescent HEK293 reporter cells

doi: 10.2144/btn-2021-0017

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of chemicals used in this study.

Article Snippet: Clomiphene citrate , 50-41-9 , Pharmaceutical , SCBT , SC-205636.

Techniques:

Journal: BioTechniques

Article Title: Screening for androgen agonists using autonomously bioluminescent HEK293 reporter cells

doi: 10.2144/btn-2021-0017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Qualitative androgen receptor (AR) agonism responses of the HEK293 ARE / Gal4-Lux autobioluminescent assay relative to the ICCVAM meta-analysis for all tested compounds.

Article Snippet: Clomiphene citrate , 50-41-9 , Pharmaceutical , SCBT , SC-205636.

Techniques:

Journal: F&S Reports

Article Title: Pregnancy success rates for lesbian women undergoing intrauterine insemination

doi: 10.1016/j.xfre.2021.04.007

Figure Lengend Snippet: Patient demographics and cycle characteristics.

Article Snippet: During a medicated cycle, oral or injectable medications, such as clomiphene citrate (CC), letrozole, or gonadotropins, were used to induce ovulation; CC (50–100 mg/day, Clomid [Patheon Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Francisco, CA]) and letrozole (2.5–7.5 mg daily) were given for 5 days from the second or third day of the menstrual cycle.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Chemistry

Article Title: Illegal and falsified medicines self-administrated in not approved post-cycle therapy after the cessation of anabolic-androgenic steroids – qualitative analysis

doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1536858

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of seized products and identified active substance(s) in the study.

Article Snippet: Reference standards: anastrozole, cabergoline, clomiphene citrate, letrozole, mesterolone, and raloxifene hydrochloride (EDQM, Strasbourg, France); tamoxifen citrate (Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, United States); exemestane (USP, Rockville, MD, United States); EDTA (Chempur, Piekary Śląskie, Poland); WHO International Standard for hCG; and medicinal product Pregnyl (N.V. Organon, Netherlands).

Techniques: Labeling

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Drug administration schedule in the pharmacokinetic panel study. In period I, clomiphene citrate alone; in period II, combined with clarithromycin; and in period III, combined with paroxetine was administered.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of implemented metabolic processes in the ( E )-Clom PBPK model. CYP, cytochrome P450; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; undef. metab., undefined metabolite; unsp. hep. CL, unspecific hepatic clearance.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted and observed plasma concentration–time profiles of ( E )-Clom ( a – d ), ( E )-4-OH-Clom ( e – h ), ( E )-DE-Clom ( i – l ) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom ( m – p ) in PM (first column), IM (only AS = 0.5 shown; second column), NM (third column) and UM (last column) for DGI scenarios. Solid lines depict predicted geometric mean concentration–time profiles in the PM, IM (AS = 0.5), NM and UM populations. Colored ribbons show the corresponding geometric standard deviation of the population simulations ( n = 1000). Mean observed data are shown as symbols with the corresponding standard deviation. Linear and semilogarithmic predicted and observed plasma concentration–time profiles of all studies and AS are shown in . AS, CYP2D6 activity score; DGI, drug–gene interaction; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; n , number of subjects; NM, normal metabolizers, PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation, Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted versus observed AUC last ( a ), C max ( b ) and plasma concentrations ( c ) of ( E )-Clom (circles), ( E )-4-OH-Clom (triangles), ( E )-DE-Clom (squares) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom (diamonds) in PM, IM, NM and UM (DGI scenarios). The black solid lines mark the lines of identity. Black dotted lines indicate 1.25-fold; black dashed lines indicate two-fold deviation. Goodness-of-fit plots of digitized studies are depicted in . AS, CYP2D6 activity score; DGI, drug–gene interaction; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; NM, normal metabolizers; PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted versus observed DGI ( a ) AUC last and ( b ) C max ratios of ( E )-Clom (circles), ( E )-4-OH-Clom (triangles), ( E )-DE-Clom (squares) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom (diamonds). The straight black lines mark the lines of identity; the curved solid black lines show the limits of the predictive measure proposed by Guest et al. with 1.25-fold variability . Black dotted lines indicate 1.25-fold; black dashed lines indicate two-fold deviation. AS, CYP2D6 activity score; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; NM, normal metabolizers; PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted and observed plasma concentration–time profiles of ( E )-Clom ( a – d ), ( E )-4-OH-Clom ( e – h ), ( E )-DE-Clom ( i – l ) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom ( m – p ) for DD(G)I scenarios in PM (first column), IM (only AS = 0.5 shown; second column), NM (third column) and UM (last column). Grey dashed lines depict the predicted geometric mean concentration–time profiles in absence of clarithromycin and paroxetine (control); turquoise solid lines represent the predicted geometric mean profiles in the presence of paroxetine; and pink solid lines represent the predicted geometric mean profiles in the presence of clarithromycin (DD(G)I). Colored ribbons show the corresponding geometric standard deviation of the population simulations ( n = 1000). Mean observed data are shown as symbols with the corresponding standard deviation. Linear and semilogarithmic predicted and observed plasma concentration–time profiles of all AS are shown in . For better visibility, DD(G)I scenarios were plotted with a time offset with t = 0 at the first dose of the perpetrator drug. AS, CYP2D6 activity score; Clarit., Clarithromycin; DD(G)I, drug–drug and drug–drug–gene interactions; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; n , number of subjects; NM, normal metabolizers; Parox., Paroxetine; PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Concentration Assay, Control, Standard Deviation, Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted versus observed AUC last ( a ), C max ( b ) and plasma concentrations ( c ) of ( E )-Clom (circles), ( E )-4-OH-Clom (triangles), ( E )-DE-Clom (squares) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom (diamonds) for DD(G)I scenarios with clarithromycin and paroxetine, respectively. The black solid lines mark the lines of identity. Black dotted lines indicate 1.25-fold; black dashed lines indicate two-fold deviation. AS, CYP2D6 activity score; DD(G)I, drug–drug and drug–drug–gene interactions; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; NM, normal metabolizers, PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Predicted versus observed DD(G)I AUC last ( a ) and C max ( b ) ratios of ( E )-Clom (circles), ( E )-4-OH-Clom (triangles), ( E )-DE-Clom (squares) and ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom (diamonds). The straight black lines mark the lines of identity; the curved black lines show the limits of the predictive measure proposed by Guest et al. with 1.25-fold variability . Black dotted lines indicate 1.25-fold; black dashed lines indicate two-fold deviation. AS, CYP2D6 activity score; DD(G)I, drug–drug and drug–drug–gene interactions; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; IM, intermediate metabolizers; NM, normal metabolizers, PM, poor metabolizers; UM, ultrarapid metabolizers.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Prediction of Drug–Drug–Gene Interaction Scenarios of ( E )-Clomiphene and Its Metabolites Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122604

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mass balance diagram after oral administration of 62 mg ( E )-Clom citrate in CYP2D6 normal metabolizers (AS = 2) including fraction absorbed, bioavailability and fractions of dose excreted in urine for ( E )-Clom and the three implemented metabolites. Drawings by Servier, licensed under CC BY 3.0 . BA, bioavailability; CL, clearance; CYP, cytochrome P450; ( E )-4-OH-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxyclomiphene; ( E )-4-OH-DE-Clom, ( E )-4-hydroxy-N-desethylclomiphene; ( E )-Clom, ( E )-clomiphene; ( E )-DE-Clom, ( E )-N-desethylclomiphene; Fa, fraction absorbed; undef. metab., undefined metabolite; unsp. hep. CL, unspecific hepatic clearance.

Article Snippet: All subjects received 100 mg clomiphene citrate (two 50 mg tablets Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany, with 62:38 ( E )-Clom:( Z )-Clom) as a single dose after an overnight fast and without any concomitant medication.

Techniques: